Belt conveyor 5 kinds of cleaner characteristics, scope of application, installation location comparison, to help you select the type

The cleaning ability of belt conveyor cleaner has a pivotal role in improving the operating efficiency and reliability of belt conveyor, reducing the equipment failure rate and lowering the maintenance cost. Therefore, choosing the right cleaner can effectively improve the efficiency and service life of the belt conveyor.

Consequences of belt conveyor not cleaning in time

The materials conveyed by the belt may have viscous substances, such as coal dust, mud, powdery materials, some of which will stick to the working surface of the conveyor belt, in the unloading can not be completely unloaded, with the belt running will be stuck in the rollers, for a long time will cause the following consequences:

① material into the shell of the rollers, thus increasing the degree of wear and tear of the bearings, the rollers shell sticking to the material will damage and pull the surface rubber of the conveyor belt, accelerate the damage of the conveyor belt.

② sticky material into the tail wheel and the reversing roller, the material will stick to the surface of the roller, and the more it sticks more and more, resulting in conveyor belt deflection, aggravate the wear and tear of the conveyor belt, resulting in adverse consequences.

③ The material will stick on the driving roller, increase the friction on the roller, and cause the damage of the surface rubber of the conveyor belt and the rubber layer of the roller.

④ The material is not removed in time, in the entire working channel will form a drop zone, resulting in environmental pollution, cleaning labor increases, affecting the physical and mental health of employees, increasing business costs.

Therefore, in order to ensure the normal operation of the belt conveyor, it is necessary to clean the adherents on the conveyor belt.

Sweeper types, characteristics, scope of application, installation location

There are many types of belt conveyor cleaners, and the common cleaning devices include heavy hammer cleaner, spring cleaner, alloy rubber cleaner, rotary brush cleaner, empty section cleaner, cleaner rollers, hydrodynamic cleaner, PUR polyurethane belt cleaner, closed cleaner, carbide scraper cleaner, electric brush cleaner, electric vacuum cleaner, rotary cleaner, etc. It is not possible to use all of them on the belt conveyor. It is not possible to use all of them on the conveyor, and here we introduce several commonly used cleaners.

1）PUR polyurethane belt cleaner

PUR polyurethane belt cleaner is installed in the driving pulley of the belt conveyor, and its scraper adopts polyurethane composite material, which is shaped by one-piece processing of molds, with a flat scraper surface, good straightness, low friction, high abrasion resistance, high strength, and quite stable scraping effect, which can effectively remove the residual fine-grained, wet and sticky materials on the belt, and the pre-pressure regulator ensures a stable contact pressure between the scraper and the belt.

Scraper generally available for 1 to 3 years, never hurt the belt; the use of polymer polyurethane, coupled with better overall mechanical properties, to extend the life cycle of the product; compact design, reasonable formulation, lightweight, beautiful, easy to operate; product spare parts are interchangeable and adjustable, more convenient to install and debugging, replacement and maintenance.

2）Carbide scraper cleaner

Carbide sweeper is mainly used to clean small particles and its media, and the humidity of the transported materials is more than 5%, which can also be cleaned. Cemented carbide scraper cleaner is installed in the head of belt conveyor, the scraper material adopts cemented carbide, there are two forms of single piece and double piece, through adjusting the counterweight block to change the pressure of the scraper on the conveyor belt, to achieve the effect of cleaning materials.

It has novel structure, only buffer compensation device, good performance of anti-conveyor belt impact and oscillation, good cleaning effect, not easy to hurt the conveyor belt. It is also equipped with high-function standard component system, including system support pipe, support pipe extension and elastic buffer device, adjustment mechanism to facilitate the adjustment of the contact pressure between the scraper and the conveyor belt, as well as after the scraper is worn out to adjust the two sides of the metal scraper outwardly as a descending arc, effectively preventing the scraper edge damage to the belt surface of the smooth PE knife plate guards, which can be very well prevented from the accumulation of materials and scaling.

3）Air section cleaner

Empty section cleaner adopts rubber plate or wear-resistant liner as cleaner plate, which can be made into “herringbone” shape or “/” shape, and is installed in the return branch of the conveyor belt, the upper side of the conveyor belt, near the tail pulley, or the vertical tensioning device at the redirection pulley. In order to compensate for the wear and tear of the sweeping plate, often using springs to automatically adjust the contact between the sweeping plate and the conveyor belt to ensure the quality of sweeping.

4）Rotary brush cleaner

Rotary brush cleaner, see Figure 4, is a new type of product, only in recent years our country began to put into use, can effectively clean the roller surface and the bottom surface of the conveyor belt adhering to the material, driven by the motor cylindrical nylon brush, the brush tip and the surface of the belt slight contact, the direction of rotation of the nylon brush and the return conveyor belt running in the direction of the opposite direction, so as to adhere to the belt surface of the particles of the material brushed down to achieve the purpose of cleaning. It is widely used in coal conveyor belt of power plant, chemical industry, sugar industry, pharmaceutical industry, harbor terminal and other industries.

The rotary brush cleaner is composed of motor, reducer, cleaning roller, coupling, bearing seat and adjusting frame, and its performance characteristics are as follows: ① integrated design, easy installation and adjustment, and strong applicability. ②The cleaning process will not cause the tape running phenomenon. Safe and reliable, long service life and low maintenance cost. ④When the sweeper is working, the sweeping points are in continuous contact, the sweeping is powerful and the cleaning effect is good. ⑤ The nylon brush is processed and made by special technology, which does not stick to the material and does not scale. ⑥No abrasion to the tape, prolonging the service life of the tape.

(5) Alloy rubber cleaner

Alloy rubber cleaner is installed at the head roller, it mainly uses the elasticity of rubber rod, and the scraper material is changed from rubber to hard alloy to clean the materials bonded on the conveyor belt by keeping close to the surface of the conveyor belt after the materials and conveyor belt are separated.

The gold rubber sweeper is mainly composed of several alloy scrapers, scraper frame, rubber elastomer, crossbeam, adjustable fixing frame, etc. Its structure is simple and compact, and it can be adjusted by adjusting the fixing frame to adjust the normal contact between the scraper and the driving drum, and then rotate the crossbeam shaft, so that the contact pressure of the scraper and the driving drum reaches 100~150N, and then lock the bolts.

The material cleaned down by the alloy rubber cleaner will fall directly into the head cone bucket of the continuous conveyor and be conveyed together with other materials, and there is no problem of accumulating material and material spilling down on the return belt.

To achieve a better cleaning effect, the more mature experience is to increase the number of sweepers in the head roller, joint use. Such as alloy rubber sweeper P, H-type joint use. And then add a carbide scraper cleaner; return conveyor belt into the lower rollers, the lower rollers using comb rollers or spiral rollers or V-shaped comb rollers, so that you can achieve a better cleaning effect.

3, the main problems and selection principles of the sweeper

Sweeper in the installation and use of the process will often encounter some problems, such as the effect of the sweeper is not ideal, the design is not reasonable, resulting in faster wear of the sweeping cutter head, the installation is not in place to bring the safety hazards and so on.

Part of the region installed sweeper will also cause a lot of safety accidents, some sites a sweeping point to install 7 to 8 sweeper, but the actual sweeping effect is poor, part of the region after the installation of the sweeper appeared after the cracking of the belt joints, resulting in the overall belt tearing problem.

These problems are mainly caused by the following factors: ① wrong selection of cleaner. ② The installation position of the cleaner is not correct. ③ The cutter head of the cleaner is not wear-resistant.

Principles of selecting cleaner: ① Installation position, chute structure. ② The position of the conveyor belt and conveyor frame, the position of the pressure roller. ③ Conveyor belt speed and each surface situation and quality. ③ Conveyor belt speed and each surface condition and quality. ④ Joint type and whether it is a two-way running conveyor belt. ⑤ Type and characteristics of conveyed materials, water content, particle size and viscosity of materials.

Sweeper is an important part of belt conveyor, and its working effect directly affects the working performance, status and service life of belt conveyor. Selecting a suitable set of cleaner will not only make the belt conveyor work smoothly and reliably, but also prolong the service life of the belt conveyor.